{"id":2767,"date":"2016-06-15T23:43:20","date_gmt":"2016-06-16T04:43:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/?page_id=2767"},"modified":"2018-03-14T12:18:24","modified_gmt":"2018-03-14T17:18:24","slug":"can-an-urban-stream-restore-itself","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/?page_id=2767","title":{"rendered":"Can An Urban Stream Restore Itself?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Yes, With Room to Move. Free Rivers Are Healthier and Better for Flood Control<\/h3>\n<p>June 15, 2016<\/p>\n<p><em>Updated with August 2016, April 29 and July 11, 2017, photos of self-repaired Hogg Bluff<\/em><\/p>\n<p>By Susan Chadwick, Executive Director, Save Buffalo Bayou<\/p>\n<p><em>This article is adapted from a presentation made at <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/southweststream.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>the Southwest Stream Restoration Conference<\/em><\/a><em> in San Antonio, Texas, on June 2, 2016.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Save Buffalo Bayou is a non-profit organization founded two years ago to fight a public project described as a \u201crestoration\u201d project on one of the last natural stretches of Buffalo Bayou as it flows through the middle of Houston, past 1,500-acre Memorial Park and another 15-acre public nature preserve, the Hogg Bird Sanctuary. Since then our organization has expanded into broader, related issues. But today\u2019s topic is restoration.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some of the most common responses I would get when I would say that this mile-long plus stretch of the bayou is natural, along with what were some of the most common defenses of the project.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_2768\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Meander.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2768\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Meander.jpg\" alt=\"Sandy bank on a meander of Buffalo Bayou in Memorial Park. Photo by Jim Olive on April 2, 2016\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Meander.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Meander-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-2768\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandy bank on a meander of Buffalo Bayou in Memorial Park. Photo by Jim Olive on April 2, 2016<\/p><\/div>\n<p><em>The river\u2019s not natural because the river changes.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>It\u2019s not natural because it\u2019s been altered by high runoff from urbanization.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Trees fall into it.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>It has terrible erosion problems. Look at those steep high banks!<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>It\u2019s terribly eroded. Look at those sandy banks!<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>It\u2019s eroding terribly. Sediment from the banks in Memorial Park washes up on the sidewalks of Buffalo Bayou Park we built downstream in the floodway right next to the river.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>All that sediment carries bacteria. If we stop the banks from eroding so much sediment, we will reduce the bacteria.<\/em> (Although sediment-laden Buffalo Bayou is less polluted than White Oak Bayou, which runs relatively clear and extremely foul due to being encased in concrete.)<\/p>\n<p>And of course the big one: <em>the river needs to be stabilized because it moves around.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Then there\u2019s the argument, both implied and explicit, that prompted me to select this topic for presentation today: <em>an urban stream cannot restore itself.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>A Profound Misconception About How Nature and Rivers Work<\/h4>\n<p>All of those statements, of course, indicate a profound misconception about nature, about how a river works and how rivers benefit us.<\/p>\n<p>A river is a living symbol of change. A living system. A dynamic process of nature that works for our benefit. Even the simple grains of sand work on our behalf to cleanse the water.<\/p>\n<p>To be fair, I should add this complaint:<\/p>\n<p><em>It\u2019s eroding terribly, the golf course is falling in.<\/em> (That would be on the high south bank opposite Memorial Park where a country club cut down the trees, killed off the vegetation, and mows and waters the grass up to the edge, among other things. An excellent example of <strong>not<\/strong> Best Management Practice for a riparian area.)<\/p>\n<p>The country club armored its bank with riprap in two places late last summer. Hardening the bank, as most of you well know, is one of the most damaging things you can do to the ecological health of a stream. Not to mention what it does to your neighbors up and downstream and across the way.<\/p>\n<p>Another complaint: <em>the Hogg Bird Sanctuary is falling apart<\/em>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"metaslider-id-2771\" style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-93-0 metaslider metaslider-responsive metaslider-2771 ml-slider ms-theme-default\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"Slideshow\" aria-label=\"Erosion Complaints\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_2771\">\n        <ul id='metaslider_2771' class='rslides'>\n            <li aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-0'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Bluff-trib-cropped-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2771 slide-2769\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">High bluff and tributary in the Hogg Bird Sanctuary, March 2016<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Meander-JO-s-10.2.15-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2771 slide-2138\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Aerial view of a lovely meander in Memorial Park showing very old high bluffs on the right. The meander would be filled and the high bluffs leveled by the proposed Memorial Park Demonstration Project. Jim Olive photo, Oct. 2, 2015<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-2'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/Sand-and-forest-s-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2771 slide-2137\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Sandy forested banks of the River Oaks Country Club on the right. Sandy beach on the left owned by the Harris County Flood Control District, though the property behind is privately owned. Photo by Jim Olive Oct. 2, 2015.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-3'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/DS-riprap-2-s-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2771 slide-2136\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Riprap installed by the River Oaks Country Club on the south bank of Buffalo Bayou in August 2015. Photo by Jim Olive on Oct. 2, 2015.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<h4><strong>What is the Goal of Restoration?<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In order to answer the question of whether an urban stream can restore itself, we first have to ask: what do we mean by restore?<\/p>\n<p>Now there are projects in places like Seattle in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere where urban stream restoration can mean ecological restoration, focusing for instance on the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/River_ecosystem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">microorganisms in the streambed<\/a> and the water below ground. But all too often, what is meant by restoration is stabilize. Stop the river from moving. Stop the channel from shifting. Stop the banks from eroding.<\/p>\n<p>From our point of view and that of many scientists, stabilizing \u2013 or attempted stabilizing &#8212; is killing the river. A river, in order to be alive, in order to be healthy, to be biologically diverse, to serve its purpose of cleansing the water and sustaining life, needs room to move. In order to restore itself and adjust to floods and high flows, a river has to move.<\/p>\n<p>Not that Buffalo Bayou has shifted that much.<\/p>\n<p>Known as the Mother Bayou, this 53-mile long central bayou is some 18,000 years old. The majority of all other bayous and streams in the region flow into it before it reaches Galveston Bay. And within recorded time &#8212; that would be topographic maps from the last hundred years \u2013 the bayou channel has shifted very little. In large part due to those high cliffs, part of the Pleistocene-era (really old) <a href=\"http:\/\/archives.datapages.com\/data\/bulletns\/1984-85\/data\/pg\/0069\/0009\/1400\/1431.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Meander Belt Ridge<\/a>, that act as stabilizers, bumpers, on all our west to east moving streams in the Houston area.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide08.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2773 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide08.jpg\" alt=\"Slide08\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide08.jpg 720w, https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide08-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Rebuttals<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>The scientific literature is replete with rebuttals to the common complaints about erosion and shifting and movement of sediment that I mentioned above.<\/p>\n<p>But let me quote first of all Texas\u2019 great Steve Nelle, wildlife biologist and natural resources specialist. In <a href=\"http:\/\/texasriparian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/Riparian-Notes-30-Cutbanks.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">February 2013 he wrote about erosion<\/a> in his excellent series, <em>Riparian Notes<\/em>, focusing in part on myths about rivers. This myth about erosion, he wrote, is pervasive.<em><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u2026 Vertical eroding cut banks are not always bad. Often time they are beneficial.\u00a0 Cut banks normally occur on outside bends where energy and stress is greater. \u2026 Erosion on cut banks is \u201cgood\u201d when the eroded soil material is carried downstream and deposited on the opposite side, forming point bars on inside bends. \u2026 We must learn to grit our teeth and let the ugly work of bank erosion do its job.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"metaslider-id-2777\" style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-93-0 metaslider metaslider-responsive metaslider-2777 ml-slider ms-theme-default\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"Slideshow\" aria-label=\"Bluff before after\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_2777\">\n        <ul id='metaslider_2777' class='rslides'>\n            <li aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-0'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide09-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2777 slide-2778\" \/><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide10-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2777 slide-2779\" \/><\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>Erosion As Part of the Repair Process<\/h4>\n<p>What does this mean? It means that eroding banks, sediment transport and deposition, shifting meanders are in fact a part of the natural repair and restoration process. Nelle doesn\u2019t call the impacts of droughts and floods \u201cdamages.\u201d He and other scientists refer to those changes in a river caused by droughts and floods as \u201cdisturbances,\u201d disturbances necessary to the vital function of a stream.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cDisturbance is often the\u00a0prerequisite for change in nature,\u201d Nelle wrote in a <a href=\"http:\/\/texasriparian.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/Riparian-Notes-29-Myths-Drought.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Riparian Note of January 2013<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cStatic banks are not the norm, and static rivers and streams do not sustain ecosystems,\u201d wrote Joan Florsheim, Jeffrey Mount, and Anne Chin, the authors of a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.waterboards.ca.gov\/northcoast\/water_issues\/programs\/agricultural_lands\/pdf\/130520\/2008_Bank_Erosion_as_a_Desirable_Attribute_of_Rivers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">June 2008 paper in Bioscience<\/a> titled \u201cBank Erosion as a Desirable Attribute of Rivers.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Florsheim et al pointed out that the all-important riparian plant succession, the natural sowing by the river of the plants that fix and build the soil and prepare the sandy banks for future forests, is \u201cinitiated with the establishment of patches of seedlings that favor bare substrate created during floods.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Here are some images of Buffalo Bayou landscaping riparian plant succession on its naturally sandy banks. And I should point out that Buffalo Bayou has always had and always will have sandy banks.<\/p>\n<p><em><div id=\"metaslider-id-2781\" style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-93-0 metaslider metaslider-responsive metaslider-2781 ml-slider ms-theme-default\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"Slideshow\" aria-label=\"Self-restoration\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_2781\">\n        <ul id='metaslider_2781' class='rslides'>\n            <li aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-0'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide11-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2781 slide-2782\" \/><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide12-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2781 slide-2783\" \/><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-2'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide13-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2781 slide-2784\" \/><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-3'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide14-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2781 slide-2785\" \/><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-4'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slide15-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2781 slide-2786\" \/><\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Room for the River to Heal<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>In order for an urban river to heal itself, however, it has to have <a title=\"Room for the River: What the River Scientist Had to Say\" href=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/?page_id=1229\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">room to move<\/a>. It also has to have sediment and occasional high flows. It has to have time. And we <a title=\"Film: Letting the River Heal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/?page_id=2160\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have to have patience<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Mathias Kondolf of the University of California, Berkeley, and one of the world\u2019s leading river experts, wrote a <a href=\"https:\/\/institutbeaumont.files.wordpress.com\/2007\/09\/kondolf2011-settinggoals.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2011 paper titled \u201cSetting Goals in River Restoration: When and Where Can the River \u2018Heal Itself\u2019?\u201d<\/a> Kondolf said that \u201callowing the river channel to \u2018heal itself\u2019 through setting aside a channel migration zone, or erodible corridor, is the most sustainable strategy for ecological restoration.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In Europe this concept is known as l\u2019espace de libert\u00e9, or the erodible corridor or fluvial territory or \u201croom for the river.\u201d In the United States it\u2019s referred to as the channel migration zone or the conservation area.<\/p>\n<p>Watch this slideshow of the progress of a south-facing high bluff in the Hogg Bird Sanctuary, self-repaired by Buffalo Bayou following severe slumping during and after the May 2015 and April 2016 flooding and extended high water releases from the upstream dams. The slumped slope, which took out a gravel path, was in the process of naturally rebuilding at no cost, using brush and collected sediment, and now resembles the slope that the Harris County Flood Control District wanted to build with bulldozers and millions in taxpayer funds in the Memorial Park Demonstration Project.<\/p>\n<div id=\"metaslider-id-2993\" style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-93-0 metaslider metaslider-responsive metaslider-2993 ml-slider ms-theme-default\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"Slideshow\" aria-label=\"Hogg Bluff Repair 2\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_2993\">\n        <ul id='metaslider_2993' class='rslides'>\n            <li aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-0'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/3-JO-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2993 slide-2439\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Slumping and downed trees on a high bluff in the Hogg Bird Sanctuary  in June 2015 following the Memorial Day flood.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Dead-trees-banks-best-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2993 slide-2438\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Another view of the same bank, same day.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-2'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/So-bluff-3700-cfs-sm-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2993 slide-2973\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">May 9, 2016, following the April 18 Tax Day storm, during extended record high water releases from the federal dams.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-3'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/SC-best-so-bk-8.4.16-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2993 slide-2971\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">The same high bank three months later on August 4, 2016.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-4'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/SC-4.29.17-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2993 slide-3887\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">The same south-facing high bank nine months later on April 29, 2017, greening with spring growth.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-5'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/IMG_7909-1-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2993 slide-3989\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">South-facing bluff in Hogg Bird Sanctuary on July 11, 2017. Photo by SC.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Fortunately, on Buffalo Bayou as it passes by Memorial Park, the river does have room to move. The healing process requires not just time and patience, however, but also understanding on the part of the public and public officials about what is going on. It may not look pretty right away. But then neither do the much more costly and constantly failing \u201crestored\u201d banks of the park downstream. A park that was foolishly premised on the idea that the banks can be fixed in place, that the bayou will remain the same, that it won\u2019t ever try to change, that it would never shift its banks in response to changes in its energy and flow. And we have seen this year and last that we have had and will continue to have <a title=\"Dammed If They Do, Dammed If They Don\u2019t\" href=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/?page_id=2669\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">record high flows in our bayous and streams<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"metaslider-id-2788\" style=\"width: 100%; margin: 0 auto;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-93-0 metaslider metaslider-responsive metaslider-2788 ml-slider ms-theme-default\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"Slideshow\" aria-label=\"Dunlavy erosion\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_2788\">\n        <ul id='metaslider_2788' class='rslides'>\n            <li aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-0'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Slumping-12.21.2014-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-2794\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">South bank of Buffalo Bayou in Buffalo Bayou Park just upstream from The Dunlavy, December 21, 2014<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-1'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/19-slumping-so-sidewalk-threat-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-2792\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Same south bank upstream of The Dunlavy, November 15, 2015, after taxpayer-funded repairs<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-2'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Green-bandage-3-3.4.16-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-2829\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Grass applied to bank in attempt to stabilize. Photo March 4, 2016.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-3'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Dunlavy-so-bank-5.10.16-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-2791\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">South bank west of The Dunlavy on May 10, 2016<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-4'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Dunlavy-5.16.16-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-2790\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Slumping again of same south bank repaired again on May 16, 2016<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-5'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/Dunlavy-bank-6.13.16-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-2789\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Costly repairs lost on Dunlavy bank, June 13, 2016<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-6'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/US-Dunlavy-3-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-3595\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Same location on Feb. 8, 2017.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-7'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/Dunlavy-slide-3.30.18-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-6402\" title=\"Dunlavy slide, 3.30.18\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Collapsed sidewalk on March 30, 2018<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-8'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/46-collapsed-sidewalk-BBP-1-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-6400\" title=\"46 collapsed sidewalk BBP\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">The same collapsed sidewalk on Oct. 27, 2018<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-9'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Sidewalk-dunlavy-1.27.19-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-6763\" title=\"Sidewalk dunlavy 1.27.19\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Same bank and sidewalk on Jan. 27, 2019, after numerous failed repairs.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-10'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/Sidewalk-bigger-Dunlavy-1.27.19-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-6765\" title=\"Sidewalk bigger Dunlavy 1.27.19\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Wider view of continuously collapsing sidewalk on south bank in Buffalo Bayou Park immediately upstream from The Dunlavy. Photo Jan. 27, 2019<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-11'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/Dunlavy-sidewalk-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-7816\" title=\"Dunlavy sidewalk\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Looking upstream at the same bayou bank naturally stabilising and restoring itself with vegetation west of the Dunlvay. Photo Sept. 15, 2019 by SC<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-12'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Dunlavy-Area-7-4.14.20-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-8467\" title=\"Dunlavy Area 7 4.14.20\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Sidewalk collapse upstream of the Dunlavy on April 14, 2020.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <li style='display: none;' aria-roledescription='slide' aria-labelledby='slide-13'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Dunlavy-us-1000x900.jpg\" height=\"900\" width=\"1000\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-2788 slide-8469\" title=\"Dunlavy us\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">Construction work on the south bank upstream of the Dunlavy on May 5, 2020.<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>But what if there isn\u2019t room in an urban area for the river to move? What if homes and parking lots and apartment buildings are already built too close to the bank and the banks are falling away?<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Room for the River to Flood<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Increasingly <a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.ei.columbia.edu\/2011\/06\/07\/making-room-for-rivers-a-different-approach-to-flood-control\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">in the United States<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/02\/17\/arts\/design\/flood-control-in-the-netherlands-now-allows-sea-water-in.html?_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">around the world<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ruimtevoorderivier.nl\/english\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">even in the flat, below-sea-level Netherlands<\/a>, people are making room for their rivers, recognizing that a channel migration zone or erodible corridor is more practical and effective for flood control, that it is more beneficial and cost-effective to buy out properties that flood and allow room for rivers to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rivermanagement.ch\/en\/river_wideni\/rive_t.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">erode, adjust, and widen themselves<\/a>. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.usnews.com\/news\/us\/articles\/2016-04-19\/houston-recovering-from-yet-another-deadly-flood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Creating public parks<\/a> along these self-restoring waterways, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bayougreenways.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">true bayou greenways<\/a>, is an added social benefit. While putting this concept into practice is easier in rural areas like <a href=\"http:\/\/www.stltoday.com\/news\/opinion\/columns\/the-platform\/editorial-widening-missouri-river-reducing-risk-key-to-flood-control\/article_ff5f3a3a-7713-56ed-aa53-43d8a7303ff2.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">along the Missouri River<\/a>, Harris County has an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hcfcd.org\/our-programs\/property-acquisition-program\/voluntary-acquisition\/voluntary-home-buyout\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">existing buyout program<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Letting the Rivers Widen Naturally<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Recently Flood Control District Director Mike Talbott told <a href=\"http:\/\/www.houstonchronicle.com\/local\/explainer\/article\/The-trouble-with-living-in-a-swamp-Houston-7954514.php?t=4ee936dcd1438d9cbb&amp;cmpid=twitter-premium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the Houston Chronicle<\/a> that buying up and tearing down properties to widen our waterways to handle increasing storm water could cost $26 billion. A transition committee report to Mayor Sylvester Turner on Rebuild Houston, the city\u2019s controversial drainage program, concluded that \u201cmajor upgrades\u201d need to be made to our bayous, streams, and tributaries in order to expand their capacity to handle storm water <a href=\"http:\/\/www.houstontx.gov\/mayor\/transitionreports\/rebuild_houston.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">(page 17)<\/a>. We hope and expect, for the sake of the health of our waterways, our own well-being, and the public purse, that these officials are talking about creating room for our waterways to move, and that rather than bulldozing and dredging, our leaders will have the vision and common sense to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.rivermanagement.ch\/en\/river_wideni\/rive_t.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">allow this widening and \u201cexpansion\u201d to occur naturally<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWidening the channels themselves usually results in channel instability, and the wider channels do not maintain themselves, as the river cannot maintain such an artificially expanded width, and sediment deposits within the channel,\u201d University of California, Berkeley Professor Kondolf wrote in an email last fall. \u201cThis then requires expensive dredging and an endless cycle of \u2018serial engineering\u2019 &#8211; in which each engineering intervention produces a reaction, which prompts another engineering intervention, and so on.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cRather than a wider channel, what is needed is a wider river corridor.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The river, a bayou, will still do what it needs to do. Failure to understand this can lead to \u201cundesirable secondary effects,\u201d as one scientific paper put it. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.waterboards.ca.gov\/northcoast\/water_issues\/programs\/agricultural_lands\/pdf\/130520\/2008_Bank_Erosion_as_a_Desirable_Attribute_of_Rivers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">(Page 7.)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>But the fact is that in an urban area, with enough space to run freely, a river can and does restore itself. A free-flowing river is always in the process of restoring itself.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yes, With Room to Move. Free Rivers Are Healthier and Better for Flood Control June 15, 2016 Updated with August 2016, April 29 and July 11, 2017, photos of self-repaired Hogg Bluff By Susan Chadwick, Executive Director, Save Buffalo Bayou This article is adapted from a presentation made at the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2767","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2767","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2767"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4871,"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2767\/revisions\/4871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.savebuffalobayou.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}